![]() The physical traits of each are demonstrated in Figure 4.1.īarnett notes that the house mouse is abundant throughout the United States. The term “commensal” is applied to these rodents, meaning they live at people’s expense. The three primary rodents of concern to the homeowner are the Norway rat ( Rattus norvegicus), roof rat ( Rattus rattus), and the house mouse ( Mus musculus). Rodent-associated diseases affecting humans include plague, murine typhus, leptospirosis, rickettsialpox, and rat-bite fever. Rodents destroy property, spread disease, compete for human food sources, and are aesthetically displeasing. These pests destroy property or carry disease, or both, and can be a problem for rich and poor alike. Most homeowners have encountered a problem with rodents, cockroaches, fleas, flies, termites, or fire ants. The above actions are discussed in more detail in the following section on the four basic strategies for controlling rodents. when necessary, selecting appropriate poisons for identified pests.using traps and other physical elimination devices and.eliminating food sources, hiding areas, and other pest attractants.building the pests out by using pest-proof building materials.making the environment hostile to pests.monitoring, identifying, and determining the level of threat from pests.It typically involves using some or all of the following steps: It can be visualized best as concentric rings of protection that reduce the need for the most risky and dangerous options of control and the potential for pests to evolve and develop. This systems approach to the problem relies on more than one technique to reduce or eliminate pests. Integrated pest management (IPM) techniques are necessary to reduce the number of pests that threaten human health and property. This chapter deals with disease vectors and pests as factors related to the health of households. A CDC-sponsored survey of two major American cities documented that nearly 50% of the premises were infected with rats and mice. According to a 1997 American Housing Survey, rats and mice infested 2.7 million of 97 million housing units. They are capable of transmitting diseases to humans. ![]() The existence of cockroaches, rats, and mice mean that they can also be vectors for significant problems that affect health and well-being. Housing-related health concerns include asthma episodes triggered by exposure to dust mites, cockroaches, pets, and rodents. ![]()
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